Business - Return on Equity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Violence In Society Essays - Domestic Violence, Abuse, Crime

Viciousness In Society Essays - Domestic Violence, Abuse, Crime Viciousness In Society Viciousness in Society The main response to catching wind of the subject of battered men, individuals will in general consider it being totally bogus or exceptionally unprecedented. Battered spouses are a point for jokes since individuals consistently expect that it is the ladies who are battered. One analyst noticed that spouses were the culprits in seventy-three percent of the portrayals of aggressive behavior at home in paper funnies. Battered spouses have generally been either disregarded or on the other hand exposed to criticism and misuse. Indeed, even those of us who like to consider ourselves freed and receptive regularly make some troublesome memories even envisioning that spouse battering could happen. In spite of the fact that woman's rights has opened a large number of our eyes about the presence of abusive behavior at home, the maltreatment of spouses is an infrequently talked about wonder. One explanation that spouse battering isn't examined is that it is an uncommon event. Another reason is that since ladies were viewed as more fragile and more powerless than men relating to sex jobs, and men then again were viewed as increasingly tough also, independent. The investigation of mishandled spouses is viewed as immaterial. In 1974, explore was done to analyze male and female abusive behavior at home. In this investigation, it was discovered that forty seven percent of spouses had utilized physical brutality on their spouses, and thirty-three percent of wives had utilized brutality on their husbands(Gelles 1974). Likewise in 1974, an investigation was discharged indicating that the quantity of murders of ladies by men was about equivalent to the number of murders of men by ladies. In spite of the fact that it had at long last been indicated that there was savagery being executed both by spouses and husbands, there was no proof about the seriousness or who started the maltreatment and who is acting in self-preservation. The possibility of ladies being savage is a hard thing for some individuals to accept. It conflicts with the generalization of the inactive and powerless female. This, notwithstanding the way that ladies are known to be more probable than men to submit kid misuse and kid murder. Laws about aggressive behavior at home is consistently orientated toward the female casualty. Society expresses that the lady experience the ill effects of misuse. These reasons clarify why most manhandled men, regardless of how able they are of doing as such, offer almost no protection from their accomplices' physical brutality. Also, numerous ladies, very much aware of these feelings of dread, may as a matter of fact proceed with their maltreatment, realizing they can pull off it. While battered men discover not many offices or backing, there are an assortment of projects (a considerable lot of which are controlled by women's activist men's gatherings) to enable damaging men to bargain all the more viably with their brutality. Be that as it may, for brutal womenstrangely enoughno practically identical treatment programs exist. This reality further shows a significant issue: society is essentially unwillingor unableto recognize and manage rough ladies.

Why and How to Raise Your Self Esteem for Stress Relief

Why and How to Raise Your Self Esteem for Stress Relief Stress Management Management Techniques Print Raising Your Self Esteem for Stress Relief By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on August 18, 2019 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living  Tim Robberts / Getty Images The way you feel about yourself, your self-esteem impacts your happiness level  and also can make life more or less stressful for you. For example, if you trust your ability to handle what comes, you will be more likely to see difficult situations as a challenge instead of as a threat; conversely, if you don’t trust your own ability to handle things, you will be more likely to see new situations as threatening and stress-provoking. Self-efficacy is the feeling that you are capable and resourceful, and this can contribute both to self-esteem and stress management. There are several things you can do to raise your self-esteem and self-efficacy that are also highly effective stress relievers. This can work in multiple ways to help you feel more in control of your life and build resilience.  It can also help you to enjoy your life more. If you feel that your self-esteem could use a boost, these are the activities to try. See what resonates with you, and give them a try. Work on Your Optimism If you are able to develop the ability to see the glass as half-full, this can contribute to feelings of self-efficacy as well as overall happiness and peace of mind.  Moreover, there are many proven benefits to optimism, so developing a greater sense of it, creating thinking habits that skew toward optimism, can provide these benefits for your health and general happiness.  Optimism involves more than simply looking on the bright side, however; it is a trait that can be developed by shifting your focus and self-talk, but there need to be specific ways in which you view the world.  Learn more about how to become an optimistic thinker. Develop Positive Self-Talk One thing that has a major influence on a person’s self-esteem is their self-talk, the way they talk to themselves, interpret things and comment on life inside their heads. A thinking style that is habitually negative can perpetuate a negative view of one’s life and self, as well as cause other problems. The following resources can help you to better understand your self-talk and alter it to a more positive way of thinking, helping you to see yourself and the world in a more positive way. Quiz: Are You An Optimist?Your thoughts color your world and your perception of yourself. Learn how positive or negative yours are!Negative Self Talk and StressSelf-talk is the internal dialogue we use to view the world, explain situations and communicate to ourselves, and the type of self-talk you useâ€"negative self-talk or positive self-talkâ€"can affect the level of stress you experience. Learn why, and find resources for change.Positive Self TalkNegative self-talk can limit you, increase your stress level, and adversely affect your self-concept. Here are some ways you can stop negative self-talk from damaging you, and reduce stress and improve your life by developing the habit of positive self-talk. Try New Challenges Even simply becoming immersed in hobbies can help with self-esteem  Learning what you are able to do well can provide you with a new view of yourself and a new level of self-respect.  Hobbies can also help you to relieve  stress, so hobbies can provide a double-win. Stay Away From Toxic People We can all feel negative from time to time, but some friends can tear you down instead of building you up, and those people can wear away at your self-esteem more than you may realize.  Learning to identify and create boundaries with those who drain us of our self-esteem can help.  Identifying and cultivating relationships with more supportive friends can build us up immensely as well. Help yourself cultivate the social life you deserve.

Machiavelli s The And Machiavellian Discourses - 1571 Words

The maintenance of a state requires the ability to act in accordance to the times. The Hobbesian and Machiavellian discourses in relation to the legitimacy of violence are distinct, nonetheless, bring forth significant arguments. Machiavelli claims that leaders ought to be good as long as the times permit, however, the leader with virtu ought to prepare to enter into evil when forced by necessity. Contrary to popular belief, Machiavelli does not endorse violence, rather he provides advice to those who wish to maintain their state or creation and in spite of the ravaging forces of time. The advice of Machiavelli is selective as it is geared to those who wish to maintain their state, not those preoccupied with salvation. In my understanding, Machiavelli advises that in order to maintain a political order, leaders ought to acquire virtu and not remain obstinate or operate with eternal principles. The Hobbesian account of the legitimacy of the use of violence is based on a notion of exc eptionalism, which is the distinctive characteristic of the sovereign. Whereas Machiavelli appeals to effects, Hobbes’ defence of the legitimacy of violence is intrinsically necessary to the notion of sovereignty. By definition, the sovereign is sovereign or exceptional to commit violence. For example, the governing laws of physics make it impossible for man to walk on water, except when the law-giver walks on water. It is in the nature of the sovereign to determine exceptions, any act ofShow MoreRelatedOrder In A Civic Society Is Kept By A Great Many Agents1733 Words   |  7 Pagesall the same? The political theorists Niccolà ² Machiavelli in The Discourses on Livy and Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan offer contrasting conclusions; the former believed obeying selfish motivation disastrous whereas the latter thought it fundamental towards maintaining the solvency of the country. The origin of their differing conclusions is found in their respective interpretations of the end a g overnment is meant to serve; to the republican Machiavelli, the government is a means to individual libertyRead MoreEssay about Machiavelli and War on Terror1100 Words   |  5 PagesIn both The Prince and The Discourses, Machiavelli presents very specific advice on how a ruler can maintain stability and control over his newly acquired state. Machiavelli lived in a time when a ruler could come to possess another kingdom through the simple act of war. Yet, in our modernity, a ruler cannot simply declare war and occupy a territory. He must also face repercussions from the other world powers that are in existence today. Our time has evolved and a ruler now has to take into considerationRead MorePower, Authority, and Accountability in Politics 1954 Words   |  8 Pagesvoting for them in the next election. (Hoffman, 2011) Niccolo Machiavelli is an important political theorist to look at while studying politics. Machiavelli was born in Florence, Italy on the Third of May 1469. Machiavelli was very interested in working in the field of politics. He held many political titles in his life. One such example is when he worked as an adviser to the Borgia family for political matters. [Wheeler, 2011] Machiavelli travelled all over Europe on diplomatic missions; here heRead More Machiavelli’s View of Human Nature Essay1696 Words   |  7 Pagessays â€Å"[they] will all think of their own interests †¦. for men will always be false †¦ unless they are compelled by necessity to be true.† (Prince, xxiii, p. 89) Beyond specific citations, there is what may be called the atmosphere of the work. Machiavelli constantly assumes that, regardless of what ought to be done, there is no reason to expect that it will be unless it accords with someone’s interests. Objectives which are not secular or this-worldly are only rarely mentioned, and those who concernRead MoreEssay about Machiavellis Reputation in the Modern World2985 Words   |  12 PagesMachiavellis Reputation in the Modern World Niccolà ² Machiavelli was known during much his life as a part of the republican government in Florence until 1512. At that time, the Medici family took over the city and ruled under a more monarchical system. From that point until his death in 1527, Machiavelli was always just on the outside of Florentine politics. He would occasionally get work from the Medici but his tasks were never as important as they had been under the republican governmentRead MoreSocrates And Niccolo Machiavelli1735 Words   |  7 PagesEssay 1: Socrates and Machiavelli Although Socrates and Niccolo Machiavelli lived in different time periods, the political climate that their philosophies were founded on were very similar. The trial of Socrates began after the Peloponnesian War when the new Spartan Tyranny took over the Athenian government. Socrates was accused of corrupting the youth and disrespecting the gods by the Spartan government. In the eyes of the Spartan government Socrates is a gadfly because of his posing of upsettingRead More Analysis of Mores The Prince and Utopia Essay1545 Words   |  7 Pageswith Raphael Nonsenso and his travels to Utopia. Niccolo Machiavelli was born in Florence, Italy in 1469 to a middleclass family. The time in which Machiavelli lived Italy as a country was not united but divide and split into little providences and republics. He latter became responsible for the Florentine militia against the Medici government and rule. When the Medici power reclaimed Florence Machiavelli was arrested for conspiracy he was tortured and then banished from FlorenceRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince1719 Words   |  7 PagesMachiavelli’s, The Prince, a book written by Niccolà ² Machiavelli, is a read that most people wouldn’t prefer to read as a first option but in defense to Niccolo, it brings out many themes such as Goodwill and Hatred, Free will, and Human Nature. â€Å"It is known from his personal correspondence that The Prince was written during 1513, the year after the Medici took control of Florence, and a few months after Machiavelli s arrest, torture, and banishment by the Medici regime† (Bio.com). The novel wasRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship also shares a distrust of their wives. The overall logical argument is based on love, jealousy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their true intentions. He knows how to ask the right questions and say the right thing to achieve his desired consequence such as playactingRead MoreMachiavelli Essay1825 Words   |  8 PagesMachiavelli I would rather be in hell and converse with great minds than live in paradise with that dull rabble. In his lifes writings, Niccolo Machiavelli, sought out the strength of the human character, and wrote according to his own rules; trying to better the political philosophy of his time. Machiavelli, a fiercely independent Renaissance man, advocated the prosperity of Italian politics, and wanted Italy to rise above the rest of the world. Machiavellis writings dealt with many

Diversity, Inclusion And Social Justice - 845 Words

I find that the concepts of diversity, inclusion and social justice to be important because they build on each other and have the power to change the world. When all of these aspects work together and are acknowledged then we are able to work toward changing social norms and creating aspects in society that are focused on equity, rather than equality. Of course, social justice should be the goal that we as individuals want to achieve in liberating areas of our that have limited and restrained others. I connect diversity and appreciating diversity with being the foundation to this equation of equality because individuals need to understand that there will be differences between people. I enjoy the statement on, â€Å"†¦ Who is in the room?† because it starts to explain the variations in personal characteristics within a group of people. This is going to be part of my position as an RA within Resident Life because a floor’s residence are going to have wide range in t heir own diversities through their age, sexual orientation, journeys to get to college, race and ethnicity, etc. I am proud to have experienced the things I have and lived and go to high school in such a place like Aurora, CO to where I was able to live and embrace a diverse community. I came to define this diversity to be normal, but coming up to CSU and Fort Collins has shown me how much of Colorado does not have the same kind of standards. The next support beam to building this idea that works toward social would beShow MoreRelatedThe Gap Between Upper And Lower Class Essay1263 Words   |  6 Pagesbackgrounds (social justice). Social Justice and Inclusion We look at Social Justice and its’ effect on Students; are the areas where students born, nurtured and educated impacting their success in education and or in life? A basic understanding of Social Justice is â€Å"the fair and just relationship between an individual and society†, i.e equal rights and opportunities in all aspects. By putting motions in to place, such as inclusion, which is the educational response to issues of social justice, we canRead MoreDiversity And Cultural Diversity1198 Words   |  5 PagesAnaneh-Firempong (2003) cultural competence refers to understanding the importance of social and cultural influences that a minority group may have as an inherent trait. The authors also affirmed that a cultural competent system acknowledges, integrates and incorporates the relevance of culture, evaluation of cross-cultural relations, , and adaptation of services to meet culturally unique needs(pg.294). Diversity and cultural competence are two main concepts that are essential to address and takeRead MoreSustainable Development and Businesses Essay1049 Words   |  5 Pagesenvironmental, social, and economical issues have arisen in society and businesses. Only recently has the issues established extensive attention within society, sustainable development is acknowledged by the majority to mean ‘development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’ (Commission 1987). This essay will look into the practices of ANZ as a sustainable business and examine their ecological, economic and social environmentsRead More The Importance of Inclusive Education in Australia Essay808 Words   |  4 Pagesfamous quote by an unknown author about celebrating individual differences. Difference is defined by Ashman and Elkins; as varying levels of social, emotional, physical and intellectual qualities that make us a ll different from other people (Ashman Elkins, 2009). In today’s world this is viewed as society’s version of normality (Ashman Elkins, 2009). Inclusion involves the incorporation of all types of differences into a mainstream classroom (Ashman Elkins, 2009). It is unfortunate that evenRead MoreIntroduction. The Pateman Vincent Statement From 20101486 Words   |  6 Pagespublic libraries and by the profession to combat social exclusion and promote social justice and suggest how the profession can carve out a new direction for itself in a world where the use of traditional library services in decline. Discussion After conducting a review of literature, Levitas et al (2007) concluded in their report for the government’s social exclusion task force that a suitable definition for social exclusion should be: ‘Social exclusion is a complex and multidimensional processRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility At The Bank Of America Corporation1544 Words   |  7 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility at the Bank of America Corporation Overview of Corporate Social Responsibility the Bank of America Corporation Background Information About Bank of America The Bank of America Corporation (Bank of America) is a bank and financial holding company that serves â€Å"individual consumers, small- and middle-market businesses, institutional investors, corporations and Governments with†¦ bank and nonbank financial services and products.† (Reuters) Profiting $5.32 billion inRead MoreEqual Pay Act 1970 : Equality And Diversity963 Words   |  4 PagesEquality To me this means treating everyone with respect and fairness whilst recognising their individual needs. Diversity Recognising, valuing and acknowledging difference and similarity. Inclusion Providing opportunities to everyone, in its simplest term it is the ‘state of being included’. The Equality act 2010 replaced nine primary legislations and over 100 bits of secondary legislation to make it simpler to understand and ensure that everyone is treated fairly and brings together a numberRead MoreThe American Association Of Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pagesdisabilities may be restricted from participating in events in society because of their functional disabilities. Environmental and personal factors also play a role in affecting people’s lives (CDC, 2014). According to the U.S. Department of Justice (2009): An individual with a disability is defined by the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) as a person who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, a person who has a history or record ofRead MoreWhy A Diverse Workplace Matters?1093 Words   |  5 Pagesfor the success of an organization. Diversity means differences due to race, gender, ethnic groups, age, personality, tenure, organizational function, educational background, etc. Diversity involves how people perceive themselves and how they perceive others. These perceptions affect their interactions. Why a diverse workplace matters? / Benefits of workplace diversity An organization’s success and competitiveness depends upon it’s ability to embrace diversity and realize it’s benefits. Due to diversRead MoreMy Experience As A Primary Teacher839 Words   |  4 PagesI need to include all the students with diverse abilities and to meet their learning needs. At the beginning, I found it challenging to practice the inclusive education strategy in my classroom, so I started to read more about the definition of inclusion and the factors that affect the teachers’ practical experience. Later, I was inspired by the relation between the inclusive education and the Australian Curriculum. The Australian Curriculum establishes expectations which are appropriate for all

Tkam Theme Essay Free Essays

Kiah Lyons Mrs. Farrands Honors English II 30 October 2012 As children, we are taught simply that something whether it is a person, object, or belief is simply good or bad. We can classify or identify what is good or bad using three sources. We will write a custom essay sample on Tkam Theme Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Typically our beliefs are primarily based on what our household says. Society also has a large role in our views as well. If something is illegal, outlawed, or even frowned upon by society it is considered bad. However, saying something is acceptable or not acceptable is something completely different from what our actions say. Many parents use the saying: Do as I say, not as I do. Sometimes we know something goes against what is right or against or morals but we do it regardless. Scout sees that in most instances; what those in her household tell her, what society tells her, and what her family and society does do not all coincide. This is evident when analyzing two main topics of the book which are race and Boo Radley. Atticus always tells Scout and Jem the importance of treating colored people equally if not better. While talking to Mr. Raymond, Scout tells him that Atticus told her â€Å"cheatin’ a colored man is ten times worse than cheatin’ a white man, Says it’s the worst thing you can do† (Lee 205). While defending Tom Robinson, Atticus told the court: â€Å"The truth is this: some Negroes lie, some Negroes are immoral, some Negro men are not to be trusted around women-black or white. But this is a truth that applies to the human race and to no particular race of men† showing his strong belief of equality among all men no matter what their skin color may be (Lee 208). Even though Atticus strongly believes in the quote from Thomas Jefferson that â€Å"All men are created equal†, Aunt Alexandra tended to have a different perspective regarding colored men and women (Lee 208). This is strongly evident in the way she treats and talks about Calpurnia. When Aunt Alexandra first arrived, instead of a cordial greeting she tells Calpurnia right away â€Å"Put my bag in the front bedroom, Calpurnia† which shows that Aunt Alexandra views Calpurnia of a different class and has no respect for her. Aunt Alexandra disapproved of practically everything that Calpurnia did, and if it could be avoided, she did not want Scout and Jem spending any extra time with her. Although Scout looks forward to going to Calpurnia, Aunt Alexandra is not fond of the idea, and actually encourages Atticus to fire Cal. She believes Cal is not a good role mole which leads her to tell Atticus to â€Å"face it sooner or later [†¦] We don’t need her now† (Lee 138). Aunt Alexandra felt that just because Calpurnia was black, she was not suited as a mother figure, and allowed her assumptions about blacks affect her view of Calpurnia. Throughout the summer, Jem, Scout, and Dill love to reenact Boo Radley’s life and play games which include messing with the house, which Atticus does not approve of. When he caught the kids he told them that â€Å"what Mr. Radley did was his own business. If he wanted to come out, he would† (Lee 50). Although the rest of his family may not have the same beliefs as Atticus, he takes highly his standards and morals of treating men of all types and colors with respect and equality. It is clear that Maycomb’s society does not agree with Atticus defending Tom Robinson. Scout does not realize that she would face this opposition until a few members of Maycomb make remarks about Atticus to her, not having the guts to say anything to Atticus’ face. In school, Scout faces her first opposition from Cecil Jacobs when he says: â€Å"Scout Finch’s daddy defended niggers† (Lee 77). Even some of her family disapproves of Atticus defending Tom. Francis, only repeating what his grandmother says, tells Scout that Atticus â€Å"is a nigger-lover† and â€Å"we’ll never be able to walk the streets of Maycomb agin. He’s ruinin’ the family†, which of course leads to Scout punching Francis (Lee 85-87). Passing by Mrs. Dubose, Scout and Jem get more of the usual harassment when she says makes a condescending remark about a Finch â€Å"in the courthouse lawing for niggers† and that Atticus is â€Å"no better than the niggers and trash he works for† (Lee 105). As for Boo Radley, most everyone in Maycomb has a different story for Boo Radley and why he stays at home all day. Stephanie Crawford even claims â€Å"she woke up in the middle of the night one time and saw him looking straight through the window at her† (Lee 13). Jem said that Boo â€Å"dined on raw squirrels and any cats he could catch, [†¦] his eyes popped, and he drooled most of the time†, obviously a tale but no one said anything different. (Lee 13). It would be easy for Scout to fall in line with what the majority of what people think so that she would be accepted. The characters’ actions throughout the book show if they actually live by what they preach. For example, Atticus knows that he will face disapproval defending Tom Robinson. He tells Jack that â€Å"reasonable people go stark raving mad when anything involving a Negro comes up† (Lee 91). Knowing that he cannot go against what he believes, he defends Tom despite the opposition. He also defends Calpurnia when Aunt Alexandra talks negatively about her saying â€Å"Calpurnia is not leaving this house until she wants to. You may think otherwise, but I couldn’t have got along without her all these years. She’s a faithful member of this family and you’ll simply have to accept things the way they are† later adding â€Å"She tried to bring them up according to her lights, and Cal’s lights are pretty good ? and another thing, the children love her† (Lee 138). Atticus could have easily taken his sister’s side, but he really appreciates everything that Cal has done for his family. Society believes that black people are of a lesser class which is the focal point of the Tom Robinson case. Even though Tom had more evidence to prove him innocent than the plaintiff had to prove him guilty, his race was what ultimately convicted Tom. Atticus makes the statement in front of the court that the â€Å"case is not a difficult one [†¦] It should have never come to trial. This case is as simple as black and white† (Lee 207). Regarding Boo Radley, no one attempts to make an effort to stand up against the unruly rumors such as that Boo â€Å" went out at night when the moon was down, and peeped in windows. When people’s azaleas froze in a cold snap, it was because he had breathed on them. † and the â€Å"Radley pecans would kill you† (Lee 9). It was more important to have a good story, than to have the not-so lively truth. Their actions showed their true beliefs. We can be molded into good people by taking the good and bad from each source, or we can be brainwashed into one source. Each source has their pros and cons, which is why it is important to take what people say with a grain of salt, before immediately adapting their views. Regardless, we can all learn things from our household’s beliefs, what society says, and what peoples’ actions say. As we grow as a people and we gain experience, we gain a better understanding of what is good and bad, right and wrong. How to cite Tkam Theme Essay, Essay examples

Math 533 Essay Example

Math 533 Essay 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Team League (American 1, National 0) Built (Year Stadium Was Built) Size (Stadium Capacity) Salary (Total 2000 Team Salary $ Mil) Attendance (Total 2000 Team Attendance) Wins (Number of Wins in 2000) ERA (Earned Run Average) Batting (Team Batting Average) HR (Number of Home Runs for the Team) Surface (Natural 0, Artificial 1) Stolen (Stolen Bases) Errors (Team Errors) Year Average (Average Player Salary) Median (Median Player Salary) x1 Team Boston New York Yankees Oakland Baltimore Anaheim Cleveland Chicago Toronto Minnesota Tampa Bay Texas Detroit Seattle Kansas City Atlanta Arizona Houston Cincinnati New York Mets Pittsburgh Los Angeles San Diego Montreal San Francisco St. Louis Florida Philadelphia Milwaukee Chicago Cubs Colorado x2 League 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x3 Built 1912 1923 1966 1992 1966 1994 1991 1989 1982 1990 1994 2000 1999 1973 1993 1998 2000 1970 1964 1970 1962 1967 1976 1900 1966 1987 1971 1953 1914 1995 x4 Size 33,871 57,746 43,662 48,262 45,050 43,368 44,321 50,516 48,678 44,027 52,000 40,000 45,611 40,529 50,062 49,075 42,000 52,953 55,775 47,972 56,000 53,166 46,500 40,800 49,625 42,531 62,411 43,000 38,957 50,381 x5 Salary 93. 9 113. 4 33. 0 59. 2 58. 7 78. 7 36. 9 54. 6 15. 8 55. 2 61. 4 60. 6 62. 6 24. 5 95. 0 80. 8 52. 0 35. 1 89. 7 31. 9 94. 2 54. 7 28. 0 54. 2 72. 4 25. 9 36. 7 33. 8 51. 1 56. 0 x6 Attendance 2,585,895 3,227,657 1,728,885 3,297,031 2,066,982 3,456,278 1,947,799 1,819,919 1,059,415 1,479,782 2,800,075 2,533,753 3,148,317 1,677,915 3,234,304 2,819,539 3,056,139 2,577,371 2,820,530 1,748,908 3,011,539 2,423,149 926,272 3,318,800 3,336,493 1,218,326 1,612,769 1,573,621 2,789,511 3,295,129 x7 Wins 85 87 91 74 82 90 95 83 69 69 71 79 91 77 95 85 72 85 94 69 86 76 67 97 95 79 65 73 65 82 Tables and Data Sets 267 Appendix D Data Set 2 — Major League Baseball (continued) x1 Row 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 x7 Wins 5 87 91 74 82 90 95 83 69 69 71 79 91 77 95 85 72 85 94 69 86 76 67 97 95 79 65 73 65 82 x8 ERA 4. 23 4. 76 4. 58 5. 37 5. 00 4. 84 4. 66 5. 14 5. 14 4. 86 5. 52 4. 71 4. 49 5. 48 4. 05 4. 35 5. 42 4. 33 4. 16 4. 94 4. 10 4. 52 5. 13 4. 21 4. 38 4. 59 4. 77 4. 63 5. 25 5. 26 x9 Batting 0. 267 0. 277 0. 270 0. 272 0. 280 0. 288 0. 286 0. 275 0. 270 0. 257 0. 283 0. 275 0. 269 0. 288 0. 271 0. 265 0. 278 0. 274 0. 263 0. 267 0. 257 0. 254 0. 266 0. 278 0. 270 0. 262 0. 251 0. 246 0. 256 0. 294 x10 HR 167 205 239 184 236 221 216 244 116 162 173 177 198 150 179 179 249 200 198 168 211 157 178 226 235 160 144 177 183 161 11 Surface 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 x12 Stolen 318 182 184 208 202 218 158 198 128 228 130 110 164 236 198 204 222 162 266 202 212 212 246 194 138 208 154 172 188 204 x13 Errors 109 109 134 116 134 72 133 100 102 118 135 105 99 102 129 107 133 111 118 132 135 141 132 93 111 125 100 118 100 94 Team Boston New York Yankees Oakland Baltimore Anaheim Cleveland Chicago Toronto Minnesota Tampa Bay Texas Detroit Seattle Kansas City Atlanta Arizona Houston Cincinnati New York Mets Pittsburgh Los Angeles San Diego Montreal San Francisco St. We will write a custom essay sample on Math 533 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Math 533 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Math 533 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Louis Florida Philadelphia Milwaukee Chicago Cubs Colorado 268 Appendixes Appendix D Data Set 2 — Major League Baseball (concluded) x14 Row 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Year 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 x15 Average 52,300 74,000 97,800 121,900 146,500 196,500 245,000 289,000 325,900 368,998 410,517 402,579 430,688 489,539 589,483 845,383 1,012,424 1,062,780 1,154,486 1,094,440 1,101,455 1,314,420 1,384,530 1,567,873 1,983,849 16 Median * * * * * * * 207,500 229,750 265,833 275,000 235,000 235,000 280,000 350,000 412,000 392,500 371,500 450,000 275,000 300,000 400,000 427,500 495,000 700,000 Tables and Data Sets 269 Appendix E Data Set 3 — OECD x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 x9 x10 x11 x1 Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Country G7 Member (1 Yes, 0 No) Total area of country in thousand square kilometers Population in thousands Percent of population over 65 years of age Exchange rate per U. S. dollar Gross Domestic Product at current exchange rate in billions of dollars Energy use in millions of tons of oil equivalent Index of total manufacturing (1900 Total labor force in thousands Region (1 x2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 100) Far East, 2 x3 7,687 84 31 9,976 79 43 338 549 357 132 93 103 70 301 378 98 3 1,973 41 269 324 313 92 505 450 41 781 245 9,373 Europe, 3 x5 12. 1 15 16. 1 12. 2 13. 4 15. 1 14. 4 15. 15. 8 15. 8 14. 2 11. 4 11. 5 15. 8 14. 5 6. 1 14. 2 4. 8 13. 3 11. 6 15. 9 11. 3 14. 8 15. 6 17. 3 14. 9 4. 8 15. 7 12. 8 North America) x6 x7 390. 9 228. 7 268. 2 579. 2 56. 2 174. 9 125. 1 1,536. 6 235. 35 122. 4 44 7. 3 70. 7 1,243. 2 4,595. 2 484. 8 17 329. 4 396 65. 9 157. 8 134. 4 103. 6 584. 9 251. 7 294. 3 181. 5 1,153. 4 7,388. 1 x4 18,289 8,060 10,157 29,964 10,316 5,262 5,125 58,380 81,87 7 10,465 10,193 270 3,621 57,473 125,864 45,545 418 96,582 15,494 3,640 4,370 38,618 9,935 39,270 8,901 7,085 62,695 58,782 265,557 x8 100. 61 27. 19 56. 4 236. 17 40. 4 22. 87 31. 48 254. 349. 55 24. 39 25. 47 2. 27 11. 96 161. 14 510. 36 162. 87 3. 45 141. 38 75. 8 16. 3 23. 15 108. 41 19. 15 101. 41 52. 57 25. 62 65. 52 234. 72 2,134. 96 x9 109 111 108 112 117 121 98 97 98 x10 9,184 3,876 4,297 15,209 5,175 2,822 2,531 25,613 39,294 4,249 4,048 148 1,494 23,385 67,110 21,188 218 34,325 7,516 1,797 2,246 17,203 4,885 16,159 4,310 3,967 22,736 28,552 135,231 x11 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 1. 509 12. 51 36. 61 1. 426 34. 73 6. 771 5. 369 5. 955 1. 777 279. 6 201. 3 71. 71 0. 687 1743 129. 4 1477 8. 123 2. 004 1. 689 7. 25 3. 532 181. 5 150. 7. 785 1. 44 199,026 0. 603 1 175 104 98 163 100 118 109 119 115 97 103 121 103 129 102 118 270 Appendixes Appendix F Data Set 4 — Northwest Ohio School Districts x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 x9 x1 Bluffton Shawne e Spencerville Delphos Elida Lima Northeastern Ayersville Defiance Hicksville Central Berlin-Milan Perkins Huron Margaretta Sandusky Kelleys Island Pettisville Wauseon Evergreen Archbold-Area Pike-Delta-York Gorham-Fayette Swanton Arlington Vanlue Liberty-Benton Van Buren Cory-Rawson Arcadia McComb Findlay Ada Kenton Liberty Center Patrick Henry Napoleon Area Holgate Monroeville Name of district Number of students Mean family income in the district ($) Mean property value in the district ($) Percent of families receiving welfare Mean salary of classroom teachers ($) Amount spent per pupil ($) Mean daily attendance Percent passing 12th grade proficiency exam x2 1,132 2,472 1,026 1,104 3,204 5,963 1,194 921 3,046 990 1,216 1,593 2,038 1,494 1,560 4,426 20 503 1,864 1,238 1,401 1,559 487 1,725 685 346 954 840 794 597 805 5,758 855 2,228 1,009 1,176 2,331 605 686 x3 4,487 29,777 23,161 21,792 24,446 18,394 26,428 28,228 23,812 22,448 24,189 25,223 25,586 27,135 23,849 19,529 19,854 25,079 23,408 23,826 26,706 23,396 22,405 24,596 26,175 24,709 28,718 28,964 23,904 24,305 23,754 24,269 23,029 20,418 24,723 23,061 25,304 23,962 22,942 x4 62,678 130,910 51,645 88,453 65,550 44,138 88,789 82,707 56,333 56,411 53,923 76,878 117,545 105,588 74,601 72,425 802,081 53,948 60,896 69,432 107,547 48,638 57,221 69,320 55,478 49,606 77,503 151,992 69,242 78,102 69,347 92,648 52,655 61,155 57,685 63,134 84,245 49,709 63,103 5 1. 8 2. 6 5. 4 6. 2 8. 9 33. 8 1. 7 3. 9 11. 2 7 4. 6 4 3. 3 4. 6 2. 8 25. 2 11. 4 3. 9 4. 9 5. 2 4. 1 6. 1 6. 9 6. 3 2. 7 4. 1 1. 5 1. 8 2. 4 2. 5 5. 7 7. 6 5. 3 13. 8 4. 1 5. 2 6. 6 6 4. 3 x6 31,221 34,860 30,155 32,273 32,876 33,142 30,919 32,850 34,750 34,224 34,430 32,166 39,352 33,433 37,084 36,042 27,144 31,159 32,499 32,353 35,982 31,310 33,166 33,690 31,821 28,411 30,330 33,447 31,241 30,738 28,986 35,879 28,479 30,907 30,904 31,895 32,773 31,324 30,838 x7 ,130 2,570 2,262 2,506 2,250 2,657 2,431 2,693 2,438 2,351 2,496 2,564 2,861 2,968 2,464 2,766 11,226 2,834 2,252 2,250 2,837 2,309 2,492 2,615 2,205 2,420 2,063 2,584 2,416 2,752 2,321 2,860 2,380 2,512 2,431 2,552 2,422 2,454 2,474 x8 95. 7 94. 7 95. 5 96. 5 94. 1 92. 3 96. 1 95. 6 94. 2 95. 7 94. 8 96. 1 95. 8 95. 4 95. 5 93 95 96. 1 95. 3 95 96. 2 94. 8 94. 6 94. 9 96. 5 96. 2 96. 7 96. 4 96. 4 95. 9 95. 9 94. 9 95. 9 93. 7 95. 8 95. 9 94. 6 94. 9 95. 8 x9 85 73 68 65 62 40 72 68 63 59 56 77 74 74 66 37 100 78 75 72 69 66 51 50 84 83 78 75 73 64 61 60 69 54 82 75 73 71 64 Tables and Data Sets 271 Appendix F Data Set 4 — Northwest Ohio School Districts (concluded) x1 Bellevue Willard Norwalk Ottawa Hills Anthony Wayne Sylvania Maumee Oregon Washington Springfield Toledo Benton Carroll Salem Danbury Genoa Port Clinton Put-in-Bay Paulding Ottoville Columbus Grove Kalida Continental Ottawa-Glandorf Pandora-Gilboa Leipsic Gibsonburg Lakota Fremont Woodmore Clyde–Green Springs Bettsville Seneca East Old Fort Hopewell-Loudon New Riegel Tiffin Fostoria Van Wert Edon-Northwest Milcreek–West Unity Bryan North Central Montpelier Edgerton Stryker Perrysburg Elmwood Bowling Green Otsego Northwood Eastwood Lake Rossford North Baltimore Upper Sandusky Carey 2 2,276 2,300 2,650 933 3,178 7,822 3,009 3,594 7,154 3,575 36,790 2,063 635 1,584 2,238 70 1,993 610 866 775 792 1,749 632 748 983 1,332 5,156 1,141 2,368 347 1,183 540 870 459 3,632 2,742 2,504 744 788 2,266 757 1,172 767 579 3,839 1,237 3,534 1,643 1,091 1,739 1,665 2,087 839 1,801 915 x3 4,025 23,304 21,551 45,723 29,215 32 ,114 27,604 24,525 23,507 26,048 21,079 23,899 21,325 25,321 20,941 19,266 22,677 24,128 23,562 24,456 23,625 25,363 23,806 20,941 23,312 22,678 22,327 26,460 23,854 22,103 22,656 23,208 22,103 23,314 21,246 20,809 22,728 23,035 21,302 22,607 21,871 20,787 22,429 24,084 32,773 22,179 21,307 24,614 25,905 25,043 23,559 25,360 22,075 21,063 21,658 x4 6,912 58,832 72,266 122,356 88,004 101,503 117,921 123,599 102,485 98,346 62,668 237,206 182,360 53,120 129,961 426,419 46,163 46,582 55,568 44,267 37,277 64,288 55,446 62,648 46,098 55,933 74,874 90,484 55,724 37,269 50,895 50,712 72,201 41,376 65,291 62,268 67,932 38,462 40,239 81,152 59,396 44,383 54,040 65,532 97,888 47,644 84,682 57,601 77,077 67,929 95,859 123,725 58,383 68,348 51,497 x5 6. 9 14. 3 12. 2 0. 2 3. 1 3. 8 3. 9 8. 7 11. 8 12. 2 42. 8 4. 7 3. 2 4. 8 10. 5 1. 4 8. 6 0. 2 8. 4 0. 7 10 6. 5 1. 2 16. 1 17. 8 10. 16. 2 10. 9 7 6. 1 4. 8 19. 3 4. 7 2. 7 9 20. 4 7. 1 2. 7 3. 2 4. 2 2. 9 8. 2 4. 1 3. 4 2. 6 7. 5 7. 5 5 7. 9 4. 7 6. 2 7. 2 10. 6 3. 9 6 x6 32,164 35,042 37,145 43,256 35,617 39,684 41,634 35,848 39,155 34,437 36,190 42,734 34,971 34,661 39,542 30,242 32,928 26,125 30,476 28,962 28,945 31,185 27,693 30,282 31,244 30,765 37,759 32,296 33,998 27,466 29,940 28,195 30,644 29,099 35,513 34,241 33,885 30,833 31,582 32,643 31,978 33,243 28,975 33,855 40,320 30,434 37,983 36,065 35,536 35,742 38,046 39,476 29,579 32,778 30,968 x7 ,374 2,347 2,384 4,150 2,844 2,943 3,933 2,941 2,997 2,774 2,611 3,444 3,158 2,845 2,926 7,824 2,560 2,588 2,174 2,274 2,225 2,154 2,078 2,811 2,242 2,306 2,616 2,227 2,383 2,394 2,435 2,743 2,564 2,501 2,506 2,455 2,511 1,916 2,382 2,706 2,349 2,654 2,470 2,617 3,011 2,643 2,849 2,539 2,979 2,499 2,820 3,258 2,331 2,267 2,513 x8 95. 1 94. 6 94 95. 7 95. 3 95. 5 95 94. 7 93. 7 93. 8 90. 7 95. 6 95. 3 95. 9 94. 5 94. 5 94. 5 99. 8 96. 2 96. 8 95. 5 96. 5 96. 5 93. 9 94. 4 95. 2 94. 7 96. 5 94. 6 95. 8 95. 9 96 94. 6 97 94. 7 92. 7 95. 3 95. 1 95. 9 95. 2 95. 6 94. 8 95. 9 95. 7 96. 1 95. 2 94. 7 95. 4 94. 9 95. 9 95. 2 94. 9 94. 5 95. 95. 5 x9 55 53 50 95 75 72 69 52 51 49 28 81 65 65 50 33 59 86 84 81 79 77 67 47 71 66 57 56 47 83 80 78 74 73 67 34 61 73 71 69 68 67 61 47 98 68 68 64 61 60 55 54 50 62 59 272 Appendixes Appendix G Critical Values of the F Distribution at a 5 Percent Level of Significance . 05 0 F Degrees of Freedom for the Numerator 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 30 40 60 120 161 18. 5 10. 1 7. 71 6. 61 5. 99 5. 59 5. 32 5. 12 4. 96 4. 84 4. 75 4. 67 4. 60 4. 54 4. 49 4. 45 4. 41 4. 38 4. 35 4. 32 4. 30 4. 28 4. 26 4. 24 4. 17 4. 08 4. 00 3. 92 3. 84 2 200 19. 0 9. 55 6. 94 5. 79 5. 14 4. 74 4. 46 4. 26 4. 0 3. 98 3. 89 3. 81 3. 74 3. 68 3. 63 3. 59 3. 55 3. 52 3. 49 3. 47 3. 44 3. 42 3. 40 3. 39 3. 32 3. 23 3. 15 3. 07 3. 00 3 216 19. 2 9. 28 6. 59 5. 41 4. 76 4. 35 4. 07 3. 86 3. 71 3. 59 3. 49 3. 41 3. 34 3. 29 3. 24 3. 20 3. 16 3. 13 3. 10 3. 07 3. 05 3. 03 3. 01 2. 99 2. 92 2. 84 2. 76 2. 68 2. 6 0 4 225 19. 2 9. 12 6. 39 5. 19 4. 53 4. 12 3. 84 3. 63 3. 48 3. 36 3. 26 3. 18 3. 11 3. 06 3. 01 2. 96 2. 93 2. 90 2. 87 2. 84 2. 82 2. 80 2. 78 2. 76 2. 69 2. 61 2. 53 2. 45 2. 37 5 230 19. 3 9. 01 6. 26 5. 05 4. 39 3. 97 3. 69 3. 48 3. 33 3. 20 3. 11 3. 03 2. 96 2. 90 2. 85 2. 81 2. 77 2. 74 2. 71 2. 68 2. 66 2. 64 2. 62 2. 60 2. 53 2. 5 2. 37 2. 29 2. 21 6 234 19. 3 8. 94 6. 16 4. 95 4. 28 3. 87 3. 58 3. 37 3. 22 3. 09 3. 00 2. 92 2. 85 2. 79 2. 74 2. 70 2. 66 2. 63 2. 60 2. 57 2. 55 2. 53 2. 51 2. 49 2. 42 2. 34 2. 25 2. 18 2. 10 7 237 19. 4 8. 89 6. 09 4. 88 4. 21 3. 79 3. 50 3. 29 3. 14 3. 01 2. 91 2. 83 2. 76 2. 71 2. 66 2. 61 2. 58 2. 54 2. 51 2. 49 2. 46 2. 44 2. 42 2. 40 2. 33 2. 25 2. 17 2. 09 2. 01 8 239 19. 4 8. 85 6. 04 4. 82 4. 15 3. 73 3. 44 3. 23 3. 07 2. 95 2. 85 2. 77 2. 70 2. 64 2. 59 2. 55 2. 51 2. 48 2. 45 2. 42 2. 40 2. 37 2. 36 2. 34 2. 27 2. 18 2. 10 2. 02 1. 94 9 241 19. 4 8. 81 6. 00 4. 77 4. 10 3. 68 3. 39 3. 18 3. 02 2. 90 2. 80 2. 71 2. 5 2. 59 2. 54 2 . 49 2. 46 2. 42 2. 39 2. 37 2. 34 2. 32 2. 30 2. 28 2. 21 2. 12 2. 04 1. 96 1. 88 10 242 19. 4 8. 79 5. 96 4. 74 4. 06 3. 64 3. 35 3. 14 2. 98 2. 85 2. 75 2. 67 2. 60 2. 54 2. 49 2. 45 2. 41 2. 38 2. 35 2. 32 2. 30 2. 27 2. 25 2. 24 2. 16 2. 08 1. 99 1. 91 1. 83 12 244 19. 4 8. 74 5. 91 4. 68 4. 00 3. 57 3. 28 3. 07 2. 91 2. 79 2. 69 2. 60 2. 53 2. 48 2. 42 2. 38 2. 34 2. 31 2. 28 2. 25 2. 23 2. 20 2. 18 2. 16 2. 09 2. 00 1. 92 1. 83 1. 75 15 246 19. 4 8. 70 5. 86 4. 62 3. 94 3. 51 3. 22 3. 01 2. 85 2. 72 2. 62 2. 53 2. 46 2. 40 2. 35 2. 31 2. 27 2. 23 2. 20 2. 18 2. 15 2. 13 2. 11 2. 09 2. 01 1. 92 1. 84 1. 75 1. 7 20 248 19. 4 8. 66 5. 80 4. 56 3. 87 3. 44 3. 15 2. 94 2. 77 2. 65 2. 54 2. 46 2. 39 2. 33 2. 28 2. 23 2. 19 2. 16 2. 12 2. 10 2. 07 2. 05 2. 03 2. 01 1. 93 1. 84 1. 75 1. 66 1. 57 24 249 19. 5 8. 64 5. 77 4. 53 3. 84 3. 41 3. 12 2. 90 2. 74 2. 61 2. 51 2. 42 2. 35 2. 29 2. 24 2. 19 2. 15 2. 11 2. 08 2. 05 2. 03 2. 01 1. 98 1. 96 1. 89 1. 79 1. 70 1. 61 1. 52 30 250 19. 5 8. 62 5. 75 4. 50 3. 81 3. 38 3. 08 2. 86 2. 70 2. 57 2. 47 2. 38 2. 31 2. 25 2. 19 2. 15 2. 11 2. 07 2. 04 2. 01 1. 98 1. 96 1. 94 1. 92 1. 84 1. 74 1. 65 1. 55 1. 46 40 251 19. 5 8. 59 5. 72 4. 46 3. 77 3. 34 3. 04 2. 83 2. 66 2. 53 2. 43 2. 34 2. 27 2. 20 2. 5 2. 10 2. 06 2. 03 1. 99 1. 96 1. 94 1. 91 1. 89 1. 87 1. 79 1. 69 1. 59 1. 50 1. 39 Degrees of Freedom for the Denominator Tables and Data Sets 273 Appendix G Critical Values of the F Distribution at a 1 Percent Level of Significance . 01 0 F Degrees of Freedom for the Numerator 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 30 40 60 120 4052 98. 5 34. 1 21. 2 16. 3 13. 7 12. 2 11. 3 10. 6 10. 0 9. 65 9. 33 9. 07 8. 86 8. 68 8. 53 8. 40 8. 29 8. 18 8. 10 8. 02 7. 95 7. 88 7. 82 7. 77 7. 56 7. 31 7. 08 6. 85 6. 63 2 5000 99. 0 30. 8 18. 0 13. 3 10. 9 9. 55 8. 65 8. 02 7. 56 7. 21 6. 93 6. 70 6. 51 6. 36 6. 3 6. 11 6. 01 5. 93 5. 85 5. 78 5. 72 5. 66 5. 61 5. 57 5. 39 5. 18 4. 98 4. 79 4. 61 3 5403 99. 2 29. 5 16. 7 12. 1 9. 78 8. 45 7. 59 6. 99 6. 55 6. 22 5. 95 5. 74 5. 56 5. 42 5. 29 5. 18 5. 09 5. 01 4. 94 4. 87 4. 82 4. 76 4. 72 4. 68 4. 51 4. 31 4. 13 3. 95 3. 78 4 5625 99. 2 28. 7 16. 0 11. 4 9. 15 7. 85 7. 01 6. 42 5. 99 5. 67 5. 41 5. 21 5. 04 4. 89 4. 77 4. 67 4. 58 4. 50 4. 43 4. 37 4. 31 4. 26 4. 22 4. 18 4. 02 3. 83 3. 65 3. 48 3. 32 5 5764 99. 3 28. 2 15. 5 11. 0 8. 75 7. 46 6. 63 6. 06 5. 64 5. 32 5. 06 4. 86 4. 69 4. 56 4. 44 4. 34 4. 25 4. 17 4. 10 4. 04 3. 99 3. 94 3. 90 3. 85 3. 70 3. 51 3. 34 3. 17 3. 02 6 5859 99. 27. 9 15. 2 10. 7 8. 47 7. 19 6. 37 5. 80 5. 39 5. 07 4. 82 4. 62 4. 46 4. 32 4. 20 4. 10 4. 01 3. 94 3. 87 3. 81 3. 76 3. 71 3. 67 3. 63 3. 47 3. 29 3. 12 2. 96 2. 80 7 5928 99. 4 27. 7 15. 0 10. 5 8. 26 6. 99 6. 18 5. 61 5. 20 4. 89 4. 64 4. 44 4. 28 4. 14 4. 03 3. 93 3. 84 3. 77 3. 70 3. 64 3. 59 3. 54 3. 50 3. 46 3. 30 3. 12 2. 95 2. 79 2. 64 8 5981 99. 4 27. 5 14. 8 10. 3 8. 10 6. 84 6. 03 5. 47 5. 06 4. 74 4. 50 4. 30 4. 14 4. 00 3. 89 3. 79 3 . 71 3. 63 3. 56 3. 51 3. 45 3. 41 3. 36 3. 32 3. 17 2. 99 2. 82 2. 66 2. 51 9 6022 99. 4 27. 3 14. 7 10. 2 7. 98 6. 72 5. 91 5. 35 4. 94 4. 63 4. 39 4. 19 4. 03 3. 89 3. 78 3. 68 3. 0 3. 52 3. 46 3. 40 3. 35 3. 30 3. 26 3. 22 3. 07 2. 89 2. 72 2. 56 2. 41 10 6056 99. 4 27. 2 14. 5 10. 1 7. 87 6. 62 5. 81 5. 26 4. 85 4. 54 4. 30 4. 10 3. 94 3. 80 3. 69 3. 59 3. 51 3. 43 3. 37 3. 31 3. 26 3. 21 3. 17 3. 13 2. 98 2. 80 2. 63 2. 47 2. 32 12 6106 99. 4 27. 1 14. 4 9. 89 7. 72 6. 47 5. 67 5. 11 4. 71 4. 40 4. 16 3. 96 3. 80 3. 67 3. 55 3. 46 3. 37 3. 30 3. 23 3. 17 3. 12 3. 07 3. 03 2. 99 2. 84 2. 66 2. 50 2. 34 2. 18 15 6157 99. 4 26. 9 14. 2 9. 72 7. 56 6. 31 5. 52 4. 96 4. 56 4. 25 4. 01 3. 82 3. 66 3. 52 3. 41 3. 31 3. 23 3. 15 3. 09 3. 03 2. 98 2. 93 2. 89 2. 85 2. 70 2. 52 2. 35 2. 19 2. 04 20 6209 99. 4 26. 14. 0 9. 55 7. 40 6. 16 5. 36 4. 81 4. 41 4. 10 3. 86 3. 66 3. 51 3. 37 3. 26 3. 16 3. 08 3. 00 2. 94 2. 88 2. 83 2. 78 2. 74 2. 70 2. 55 2. 37 2. 20 2. 03 1. 88 24 6235 99. 5 26. 6 13. 9 9. 47 7. 31 6. 07 5. 28 4. 73 4. 33 4. 02 3. 78 3. 59 3. 43 3. 29 3. 18 3. 08 3. 00 2. 92 2. 86 2. 80 2. 75 2. 70 2. 66 2. 62 2. 47 2. 29 2. 12 1. 95 1. 79 30 6261 99. 5 26. 5 13. 8 9. 38 7. 23 5. 99 5. 20 4. 65 4. 25 3. 94 3. 70 3. 51 3. 35 3. 21 3. 10 3. 00 2. 92 2. 84 2. 78 2. 72 2. 67 2. 62 2. 58 2. 54 2. 39 2. 20 2. 03 1. 86 1. 70 40 6287 99. 5 26. 4 13. 7 9. 29 7. 14 5. 91 5. 12 4. 57 4. 17 3. 86 3. 62 3. 43 3. 27 3. 13 3. 02 2. 92 2. 84 2. 6 2. 69 2. 64 2. 58 2. 54 2. 49 2. 45 2. 30 2. 11 1. 94 1. 76 1. 59 Degrees of Freedom for the Denominator 274 Appendixes Appendix H Critical Values of Chi-Square This table contains the values of of degrees of freedom. 2 that correspond to a specific right-tail area and specific number Example: With 17 df and a . 02 area in the upper tail, 2 30. 995 0 Degrees of Freedom, df 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 2 Right-Tail Area 0. 10 2. 706 4. 605 6. 251 7. 779 9. 236 10. 645 12. 017 13. 362 14. 684 15. 987 17. 275 18. 549 19. 812 21. 064 22. 307 23. 542 24. 769 25. 989 27. 204 28. 12 29. 615 30. 813 32. 007 33. 196 34. 382 35. 563 36. 741 37. 916 39. 087 40. 256 0. 05 3. 841 5. 991 7. 815 9. 488 11. 070 12. 592 14. 067 15. 507 16. 919 18. 307 19. 675 21. 026 22. 362 23. 685 24. 996 26. 296 27. 587 28. 869 30. 144 31. 410 32. 671 33. 924 35. 172 36. 415 37. 652 38. 885 40. 113 41. 337 42. 557 43. 773 0. 02 5. 412 7. 824 9. 837 11. 668 13. 388 15. 033 16. 622 18. 168 19. 679 21. 161 22. 618 24. 054 25. 472 26. 873 28. 259 29. 633 30. 995 32. 346 33. 687 35. 020 36. 343 37. 659 38. 968 40. 270 41. 566 42. 856 44. 140 45. 419 46. 693 47. 962 0. 01 6. 635 9. 210 11. 345 13. 277 15. 086 16. 812 18. 475 20. 090 21. 66 23. 209 24. 725 26. 217 27. 688 29. 141 30. 578 32. 000 33. 409 34. 805 36. 191 37. 566 38. 932 40. 289 41. 638 42. 980 44. 314 45. 642 46. 963 48. 278 49. 588 50. 892 Tables and Data Sets 275 Appendix I Binomial Probability Distribution n x 0 1 0. 05 0. 950 0. 050 0. 10 0. 900 0. 100 0. 20 0. 800 0. 200 0. 30 0. 700 0. 300 0. 40 0. 600 0. 400 1 0. 50 0. 500 0. 500 0. 60 0. 400 0. 600 0. 70 0. 300 0. 700 0. 80 0. 200 0. 800 0. 90 0. 100 0. 900 0. 95 0. 050 0. 950 Probability n 2 Probability x 0 1 2 0. 05 0. 903 0. 095 0. 003 0. 10 0. 810 0. 180 0. 010 0. 20 0. 640 0. 320 0. 040 0. 30 0. 490 0. 420 0. 090 0. 40 0. 360 0. 480 0. 60 0. 50 0. 250 0. 500 0. 250 0. 60 0. 160 0. 480 0. 360 0. 70 0. 090 0. 420 0. 490 0. 80 0. 040 0. 320 0. 640 0. 90 0. 010 0. 180 0. 810 0. 95 0. 003 0. 095 0. 903 n 3 Probability x 0 1 2 3 0. 05 0. 857 0. 135 0. 007 0. 000 0. 10 0. 729 0. 243 0. 027 0. 001 0. 20 0. 512 0. 384 0. 096 0. 008 0. 30 0. 343 0. 441 0. 189 0. 027 0. 40 0. 216 0. 432 0. 288 0. 064 0. 50 0. 125 0. 375 0. 375 0. 125 0. 60 0. 064 0. 288 0. 432 0. 216 0. 70 0. 027 0. 189 0. 441 0. 343 0. 80 0. 008 0. 096 0. 384 0. 512 0. 90 0. 001 0. 027 0. 243 0. 729 0. 95 0. 000 0. 007 0. 135 0. 857 n 4 Probability x 0 1 2 3 4 0. 05 0. 815 0. 171 0. 014 0. 000 0. 000 0. 0 0. 656 0. 292 0. 049 0. 004 0. 000 0. 20 0. 410 0. 410 0. 154 0. 026 0. 002 0. 30 0. 240 0. 412 0. 265 0. 076 0. 008 0. 40 0. 130 0. 346 0. 346 0. 154 0. 026 0. 50 0. 063 0. 250 0. 375 0. 250 0. 063 0. 60 0. 026 0. 154 0. 346 0. 346 0. 130 0. 70 0. 008 0. 076 0. 265 0. 412 0. 240 0. 80 0. 002 0. 026 0. 154 0. 410 0. 410 0. 90 0. 000 0. 004 0. 049 0. 292 0. 656 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 014 0. 171 0. 815 n 5 Probability x 0 1 2 3 4 5 0. 05 0. 774 0. 204 0. 021 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 590 0. 328 0. 073 0. 008 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 328 0. 410 0. 205 0. 051 0. 006 0. 000 0. 30 0. 168 0. 360 0. 309 0. 132 0. 028 0. 002 0. 40 0. 78 0. 259 0. 346 0. 230 0. 077 0. 010 0. 50 0. 031 0. 156 0. 313 0. 313 0. 156 0. 031 0. 60 0. 010 0. 077 0. 230 0. 346 0. 259 0. 078 0. 70 0. 002 0. 028 0. 132 0. 309 0. 360 0. 168 0. 80 0. 000 0. 006 0. 051 0. 205 0. 410 0. 328 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 008 0. 073 0. 328 0. 590 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 021 0. 204 0. 774 n 6 Probabili ty x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0. 05 0. 735 0. 232 0. 031 0. 002 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 531 0. 354 0. 098 0. 015 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 262 0. 393 0. 246 0. 082 0. 015 0. 002 0. 000 0. 30 0. 118 0. 303 0. 324 0. 185 0. 060 0. 010 0. 001 0. 40 0. 047 0. 187 0. 311 0. 276 0. 138 0. 037 0. 004 0. 0 0. 016 0. 094 0. 234 0. 313 0. 234 0. 094 0. 016 0. 60 0. 004 0. 037 0. 138 0. 276 0. 311 0. 187 0. 047 0. 70 0. 001 0. 010 0. 060 0. 185 0. 324 0. 303 0. 118 0. 80 0. 000 0. 002 0. 015 0. 082 0. 246 0. 393 0. 262 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 015 0. 098 0. 354 0. 531 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 002 0. 031 0. 232 0. 735 276 Appendixes Appendix I Binomial Probability Distribution (continued) n 7 Probability x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0. 05 0. 698 0. 257 0. 041 0. 004 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 478 0. 372 0. 124 0. 023 0. 003 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 210 0. 367 0. 275 0. 115 0. 029 0. 004 0. 000 0. 000 0. 30 0. 082 0. 247 0. 18 0. 227 0. 097 0. 025 0. 004 0. 000 0. 40 0. 028 0. 131 0 . 261 0. 290 0. 194 0. 077 0. 017 0. 002 0. 50 0. 008 0. 055 0. 164 0. 273 0. 273 0. 164 0. 055 0. 008 0. 60 0. 002 0. 017 0. 077 0. 194 0. 290 0. 261 0. 131 0. 028 0. 70 0. 000 0. 004 0. 025 0. 097 0. 227 0. 318 0. 247 0. 082 0. 80 0. 000 0. 000 0. 004 0. 029 0. 115 0. 275 0. 367 0. 210 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 003 0. 023 0. 124 0. 372 0. 478 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 004 0. 041 0. 257 0. 698 n 8 Probability x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0. 05 0. 663 0. 279 0. 051 0. 005 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 430 0. 383 0. 149 0. 033 0. 005 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 00 0. 20 0. 168 0. 336 0. 294 0. 147 0. 046 0. 009 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 30 0. 058 0. 198 0. 296 0. 254 0. 136 0. 047 0. 010 0. 001 0. 000 0. 40 0. 017 0. 090 0. 209 0. 279 0. 232 0. 124 0. 041 0. 008 0. 001 0. 50 0. 004 0. 031 0. 109 0. 219 0. 273 0. 219 0. 109 0. 031 0. 004 0. 60 0. 001 0. 008 0. 041 0. 124 0. 232 0. 279 0. 209 0. 090 0. 017 0. 70 0. 000 0. 001 0. 010 0. 047 0. 136 0. 254 0. 296 0. 198 0. 0 58 0. 80 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 009 0. 046 0. 147 0. 294 0. 336 0. 168 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 005 0. 033 0. 149 0. 383 0. 430 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 005 0. 051 0. 279 0. 663 n 9 Probability x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0. 05 0. 630 0. 299 0. 063 0. 008 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 387 0. 387 0. 172 0. 045 0. 007 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 134 0. 302 0. 302 0. 176 0. 066 0. 017 0. 003 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 30 0. 040 0. 156 0. 267 0. 267 0. 172 0. 074 0. 021 0. 004 0. 000 0. 000 0. 40 0. 010 0. 060 0. 161 0. 251 0. 251 0. 167 0. 074 0. 021 0. 004 0. 000 0. 50 0. 002 0. 018 0. 070 0. 164 0. 246 0. 246 0. 164 0. 070 0. 018 0. 002 0. 60 0. 000 0. 004 0. 021 0. 074 0. 167 0. 251 0. 251 0. 161 0. 060 0. 010 0. 70 0. 000 0. 000 0. 004 0. 021 0. 074 0. 172 0. 267 0. 267 0. 156 0. 040 0. 80 0. 00 0. 000 0. 000 0. 003 0. 017 0. 066 0. 176 0. 302 0. 302 0. 134 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 007 0. 045 0. 172 0. 387 0. 387 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 008 0. 063 0. 299 0. 630 n 10 Probability x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0. 05 0. 599 0. 315 0. 075 0. 010 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 349 0. 387 0. 194 0. 057 0. 011 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 107 0. 268 0. 302 0. 201 0. 088 0. 026 0. 006 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 30 0. 028 0. 121 0. 233 0. 267 0. 200 0. 103 0. 037 0. 00 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 40 0. 006 0. 040 0. 121 0. 215 0. 251 0. 01 0. 111 0. 042 0. 011 0. 002 0. 000 0. 50 0. 001 0. 010 0. 044 0. 117 0. 205 0. 246 0. 205 0. 117 0. 044 0. 010 0. 001 0. 60 0. 000 0. 002 0. 011 0. 042 0. 111 0. 201 0. 251 0. 215 0. 121 0. 040 0. 006 0. 70 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 009 0. 037 0. 103 0. 200 0. 267 0. 233 0. 121 0. 028 0. 80 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 006 0. 026 0. 088 0. 201 0. 302 0. 268 0. 107 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 011 0. 057 0. 194 0. 387 0. 349 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 010 0. 075 0. 315 0. 599 Tables and Data Sets 277 Appendix I Binomial Probability Distribution (continued) n 11 Probability x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0. 05 0. 569 0. 329 0. 087 0. 014 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 314 0. 384 0. 213 0. 071 0. 016 0. 002 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 086 0. 236 0. 295 0. 221 0. 111 0. 039 0. 010 0. 002 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 30 0. 020 0. 093 0. 200 0. 257 0. 220 0. 132 0. 057 0. 017 0. 004 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 40 0. 004 0. 027 0. 089 0. 177 0. 236 0. 221 0. 147 0. 070 0. 023 0. 005 0. 001 0. 000 0. 50 0. 000 0. 005 0. 027 0. 081 0. 161 0. 226 0. 226 0. 161 0. 081 0. 027 0. 005 0. 000 0. 60 0. 000 0. 001 0. 005 0. 023 0. 070 0. 147 0. 221 0. 236 0. 177 0. 89 0. 027 0. 004 0. 70 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 004 0. 017 0. 057 0. 132 0. 220 0. 257 0. 200 0. 093 0. 020 0. 80 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 002 0. 010 0. 039 0. 111 0. 221 0. 295 0. 236 0. 086 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 002 0. 016 0. 071 0. 213 0. 384 0. 314 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 014 0. 087 0. 329 0. 569 n 12 Probability x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0. 05 0. 540 0. 341 0. 099 0. 017 0. 002 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 282 0. 377 0. 230 0. 085 0. 021 0. 004 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 069 0. 206 0. 83 0. 236 0. 13 3 0. 053 0. 016 0. 003 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 30 0. 014 0. 071 0. 168 0. 240 0. 231 0. 158 0. 079 0. 029 0. 008 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 40 0. 002 0. 017 0. 064 0. 142 0. 213 0. 227 0. 177 0. 101 0. 042 0. 012 0. 002 0. 000 0. 000 0. 50 0. 000 0. 003 0. 016 0. 054 0. 121 0. 193 0. 226 0. 193 0. 121 0. 054 0. 016 0. 003 0. 000 0. 60 0. 000 0. 000 0. 002 0. 012 0. 042 0. 101 0. 177 0. 227 0. 213 0. 142 0. 064 0. 017 0. 002 0. 70 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 008 0. 029 0. 079 0. 158 0. 231 0. 240 0. 168 0. 071 0. 014 0. 80 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 003 0. 016 0. 053 0. 133 0. 236 0. 83 0. 206 0. 069 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 004 0. 021 0. 085 0. 230 0. 377 0. 282 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 002 0. 017 0. 099 0. 341 0. 540 n 13 Probability x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 0. 05 0. 513 0. 351 0. 111 0. 021 0. 003 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 254 0. 367 0. 245 0. 100 0. 028 0. 006 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 055 0. 179 0. 268 0. 246 0. 154 0. 069 0. 023 0. 006 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 30 0. 010 0. 054 0. 139 0. 218 0. 234 0. 180 0. 103 0. 044 0. 14 0. 003 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 40 0. 001 0. 011 0. 045 0. 111 0. 184 0. 221 0. 197 0. 131 0. 066 0. 024 0. 006 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 50 0. 000 0. 002 0. 010 0. 035 0. 087 0. 157 0. 209 0. 209 0. 157 0. 087 0. 035 0. 010 0. 002 0. 000 0. 60 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 006 0. 024 0. 066 0. 131 0. 197 0. 221 0. 184 0. 111 0. 045 0. 011 0. 001 0. 70 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 003 0. 014 0. 044 0. 103 0. 180 0. 234 0. 218 0. 139 0. 054 0. 010 0. 80 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 006 0. 023 0. 069 0. 154 0. 246 0. 268 0. 179 0. 055 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 006 0. 028 0. 00 0. 245 0. 367 0. 254 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 003 0. 021 0. 111 0. 351 0. 513 278 Appendixes Appendix I Binomial Probability Distribution (continued) n 14 Probability x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 0. 05 0. 488 0. 359 0. 123 0. 026 0. 004 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 229 0. 356 0. 257 0. 114 0. 035 0. 008 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 044 0. 154 0. 250 0. 250 0. 172 0. 086 0. 032 0. 009 0. 002 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 30 0. 007 0. 041 0. 113 0. 194 0. 229 0. 196 0. 26 0. 062 0. 023 0. 007 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 40 0. 001 0. 007 0. 032 0. 085 0. 155 0. 207 0. 207 0. 157 0. 092 0. 041 0. 014 0. 003 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 50 0. 000 0. 001 0. 006 0. 022 0. 061 0. 122 0. 183 0. 209 0. 183 0. 122 0. 061 0. 022 0. 006 0. 001 0. 000 0. 60 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 003 0. 014 0. 041 0. 092 0. 157 0. 207 0. 207 0. 155 0. 085 0. 032 0. 007 0. 001 0. 70 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 007 0. 023 0. 062 0 . 126 0. 196 0. 229 0. 194 0. 113 0. 041 0. 007 0. 80 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 002 0. 009 0. 032 0. 086 0. 172 0. 250 0. 250 0. 154 0. 044 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 00 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 008 0. 035 0. 114 0. 257 0. 356 0. 229 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 004 0. 026 0. 123 0. 359 0. 488 n 15 Probability x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0. 05 0. 463 0. 366 0. 135 0. 031 0. 005 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 206 0. 343 0. 267 0. 129 0. 043 0. 010 0. 002 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 035 0. 132 0. 231 0. 250 0. 188 0. 103 0. 043 0. 014 0. 003 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 30 0. 005 0. 031 0. 092 0. 70 0. 219 0. 206 0. 147 0. 081 0. 035 0. 012 0. 003 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 40 0. 000 0. 005 0. 022 0. 063 0. 127 0. 186 0. 207 0. 177 0. 118 0. 061 0. 024 0. 007 0. 002 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 50 0. 000 0. 000 0. 003 0. 014 0. 042 0. 092 0. 153 0. 196 0. 196 0. 153 0. 092 0. 042 0. 014 0. 003 0. 000 0. 000 0. 60 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 002 0. 007 0. 024 0. 061 0. 118 0. 177 0. 207 0. 186 0. 127 0. 063 0. 022 0. 005 0. 000 0. 70 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 003 0. 012 0. 035 0. 081 0. 147 0. 206 0. 219 0. 170 0. 092 0. 031 0. 005 0. 80 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 003 0. 014 0. 043 0. 03 0. 188 0. 250 0. 231 0. 132 0. 035 0. 90 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 002 0. 010 0. 043 0. 129 0. 267 0. 343 0. 206 0. 95 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001 0. 005 0. 031 0. 135 0. 366 0. 463 n 16 Probability x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 0. 05 0. 440 0. 371 0. 146 0. 036 0. 006 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 10 0. 185 0. 329 0. 275 0. 142 0. 051 0. 014 0. 003 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 20 0. 028 0. 113 0. 211 0. 246 0. 200 0. 120 0. 055 0. 20 0. 006 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 30 0. 003 0. 023 0. 073 0. 146 0. 204 0. 210 0. 165 0. 101 0. 049 0. 019 0. 006 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 40 0. 000 0. 003 0. 015 0. 047 0. 101 0. 162 0. 198 0. 189 0. 142 0. 084 0. 039 0. 014 0. 004 0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 50 0. 000 0. 000 0. 002 0. 009 0. 028 0. 067 0. 122 0. 175 0. 196 0. 175 0. 122 0. 067 0. 028 0. 009 0. 002 0. 000 0. 000 0. 60 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 001

Is Your Son or Daughter an Upcoming High School Senior Start Your College Visits Now!

Is Your Son or Daughter an Upcoming High School Senior Start Your College Visits Now! Summers coming and your high school junior  might be thinking more about trips to the beach than about college plans, but this is the perfect time to start planning college visits!   The earlier the better.   If you havent already, sit down with your son or daughter and think about what colleges he or she might want to attend.   Then plan a trip. Top 4 reasons to visit colleges this summer: The college visit is the best way for you and your son or daughter to get a feeling for what a school is really like, beyond the two dimensionality of a web page or brochure.   Meet students, see dorm rooms and dining halls, and maybe even sit in on a class (though classes are not as numerous in the summer as they would be in the spring or fall).  Ã‚  Your child will get a  sense of whether he or she  wants to spend four years in this place. At schools that offer on-campus interviews, this is your childs chance to meet an admissions representative before even submitting  an application.   It is a chance to make an impression early on so the committee  has a face – or at the very least an interview report to attach to the application.   Alumni interviews don’t happen until after the application is submitted, so the on-campus interview is an opportunity not to be missed. Visiting shows the school that your child is  serious about that school.   Who takes their summer vacation to go and visit colleges?   Not too many people.  Ã‚  Show up at colleges when you could be out on Cape Cod, and you make an impression.   Want to make the biggest splash?   Visit in June or July.   Most families wait until August, when  your son or daughter will  be just one face in a sea of hundreds. Summer visits give you time to revisit.   If you and your child like what you see and want to know more, or if you’re not sure and need a second look, making the first visit in June gives you plenty of time for a second round.   If you visit for the first time in February, your family will have to make decisions based on one visit alone. So   before hitting the beach, sit down for a college conversation, pull out a map, and start planning! Category:College AdmissionsBy Brenda BernsteinMay 16, 2010

Population Geography Overview

Population Geography Overview Population geography is a branch of human geography that is focused on the scientific study of people, their spatial distributions and density. To study these factors, population geographers examine the increase and decrease in population, peoples movements over time, general settlement patterns and other subjects such as occupation and how people form the geographic character of a place. Population geography is closely related to demography (the study of population statistics and trends). Topics in Population Geography Closely related to population distribution is population density - another topic in population geography. Population density studies the average number of people in an area by dividing the number of people present by total area. Usually these numbers are given as persons per square kilometer or mile. There are several factors which affect population density and these are often subjects of population geographers study as well. Such factors can relate to the physical environment like climate and topography or be related to the social, economic and political environments of an area. For example, areas with harsh climates like Californias Death Valley region are sparsely populated. By contrast, Tokyo and Singapore are densely populated because of their mild climates and their economic, social and political development. Overall population growth and change is another area of importance for population geographers. This is because the worlds population has grown dramatically over the last two centuries. To study this overall subject, population growth is looked at via natural increase. This studies an areas birth rates and death rates. The birth rate is the number of babies born per 1000 individuals in the population every year. The death rate is the number of deaths per 1000 people every year. The historic natural increase rate of population used to be near zero, meaning that births roughly equaled deaths. Today, however, an increase in life expectancy due to better healthcare and standards of living has lowered the overall death rate. In developed nations, the birth rate has declined, but it is still high in developing nations. As a result, the worlds population has grown exponentially. In addition to natural increase, population change also considers net migration for an area. This is the difference between in-migration and out-migration. An areas overall growth rate or change in population is the sum of natural increase and net migration. An essential component to studying world growth rates and population change is the demographic transition model - a significant tool in population geography. This model looks at how population changes as a country develops in four stages. The first stage is when birth rates and death rates are high so there are little natural increase and a relatively small population. The second stage features high birth rates and low death rates so there is high growth in the population (this is normally where least developed countries fall). The third stage has a decreasing birth rate and a decreasing death rate, again resulting in slowed population growth. Finally, the fourth stage has low birth and death rates with low natural increase. Graphing Population Developed nations usually have an equal distribution of people throughout the different age groups, indicating slowed population growth. Some, however, show negative population growth when the number of children are equal or slightly lower than older adults. Japans population pyramid, for example, shows slowed population growth. Technologies and Data Sources In addition to census data, population data is also available through government documents like birth and death certificates. Governments, universities and private organizations also work to conduct different surveys and studies to gather data about population specifics and behavior that could be related to topics in population geography. To learn more about population geography and the specific topics within it, visit this sites collection of population geography articles.

International economical and political environment (digital living Essay

International economical and political environment (digital living room) - Essay Example Similarly, the companies like Sony, Microsoft and Nintendo are competing to occupy space in the digital gaming market. (Suster; Saxtoft; Sandoval). The growing competition in the Digital Living Room market is posing a serious threat to the different service providers regarding their ability to sustain. Thus, the directors need to devise strategies to operate jointly in the digital market to not only satisfy the increasing needs of the consumers but also in helping themselves to sustain. Moreover, the directors need to focus more on innovation and cost effectiveness to render more sophistication in the services provided. This would help in generating customer loyalty. The Digital Living Room market companies can also enhance the sphere of the User Interface applications through the development of the interactive sphere by conducting live chatting session with their friends through the television while viewing a certain program. Even the Digital Living Room market companies can coordin ate with other service networks like Skype to promote on-line calling experience through the television sets. ... Further service and customer touch points must be created in regional points to help understand customer feedback on the service offered. This would help the companies to customize their products and services, which would generate better sales and revenue for the firm. Effect of Economic Activity on the Digital Living Room Market The economic development of the various regions in the developed and developing world has created huge demand for changes in the digital living room market. The Digital Living Room Market is getting filled up with competitors like Apple, Google and Netflix to a name a few in the field of media content generation. Moreover, different players like Nintendo, Microsoft and Sony who are spontaneously innovating newer products to fill up the market are increasingly filling up the video gaming industry. It is expected that the competition between the digital players would reach new heights in a matter of a decade. The deal made between Apple and Faustian AT&T helpe d in the creation of gadget like iPhone, which revolutionized the cellular market. It rather broke the powerful influence of the mobile manufacturers in not letting other software providers to penetrate the cellular market. Again the development of Internet supported television sets are helping to create ample opportunities for the growth of Consumer Electronics industry (Suster; How IP Services Will Drive CE Evolution). The region of North America which was previously quite hostile to the digital development is gradually changing its face. Due to ongoing hostility the stock quotes of the different digital companies showed a declining trend from the period of 2004 to around 2008. The growing awareness of the North American about the digital environment created a demand

Argument of Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Argument of Evaluation - Essay Example "The Artist† truly deserves the award it scoped as the ‘Best Picture’ movie during the 2012 Oscars. The movie leaves its audience with real pleasure in the way Hazanavicius makes use of tics and trick of silence together with care and wisdom. He goes further to include musical emotional rhythm emulated from some of the best movies ever witnessed. "The Artist† fluctuates between sad and funny and changes the sound age dawn into an individual tragedy presented to the audience as silent melodrama (Scott 3). The nostalgia used in the movie is instructive as witnessed in the scene where Valentin and Miller are seen tap-dancing on each other sides reminding the viewer of the visually inventive of how early films developed on sound could be. The other scene is when Vlanetin has a conversation with a policeman without title cards reminding the audience of the good silent movie it is. Such scenes call for a lot of imagination from the viewers hence they are fully involved and absorbed in the movie (Bradshaw 4). It is a miraculous form of entertainment that unexpectedly expresses a good deal about the pride of men and emotional literature. The final film of ‘the Artist’ was released in the year 2011making it one of the most joyful and heart-swelling silent movies and was screened in white and black, projecting it in an old fashioned Academy ratio boxy. Some of the lines in the movie are observed to be occasionally printed on dialogue intertitle cards. â€Å"The Artist† is places among the long tradition group of movies and it revolves around a film star who is established together with a young actress who is beguiling coming from the early Thirties and late Twenties Hollywood (Bradshaw 4). This was the period which was marked by the talkies rise. As the settings and pilot of the movie bring out the scenery of singing in the rain, the movie pulls in a different direction to Donen and Kelly’s sonically and visually screen music that

Teaching Children about Animal Rights Essay -- Personal Narrative, Com

The issue of animal rights is often overlooked in this society, and I've wanted that to change for as long as I can remember.   My original idea was to start a Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals at my high school, but I was afraid I wouldn't be able to raise enough interest and the project would be a flop. For quite a while, I had a very difficult time coming up with another idea, until I started thinking of all the horrible stories of animal cruelty that I'd heard and read. Teenagers and adults who had neglected, starved, beaten and abused innocent, defenseless creatures. What was the source of all this? Obviously these people had never experienced the joy an animal can bring to your life. Perhaps I could find some children with whom to share that joy. Perhaps I could teach them a little bit about how to care for and respect animals as everyone should. I started searching for a church youth group to whom I could talk. I called several churches and got several answering machines. After playing phone tag with voice mail and secretaries for a couple of weeks, I finally got in touch wi... ...y are not the children who need education. They're already involved in something that is going to teach them these kinds of lessons - they're not the neglected, inactive children who grow up to be abusive towards animals and people. That is why I've decided that my work with children is far from over.   The children who truly need my help cannot be found in a youth group or a Cub Scout pack. How I am going to reach these children, I do not yet know. I am fortunate to have the drive, vision and experience I've gained so far to help me along the way.

Should Society Act Now to Forestall Global Warming

Global warming is not a new concept; we attribute this to â€Å"greenhouse gas† emissions. We see the effects of greenhouse gases on the environment as each year passes. It is assumed that the Earth will continue to warm as time goes on. Do we need to do something about this now or should we do nothing? There are issues to be considered including, â€Å"If we do something about it, who will pay for the changes, and by changing things will we create more problems? † Some people are ready to address these issues now and others are arguing that it may be best to do nothing, according to how much cost will be incurred in finding solutions. We will look at opinions from experts in an attempt to reach a conclusion, although I personally feel the world will benefit by slowing down our use of fossil fuels, enacting an increase in reusing everything we can in order to eliminate waste and clean up our environment in response to so many years ignoring a potential problem. Global warming is a threat now and will continue to worsen. Scientists have known for more than a century that carbon dioxide and other â€Å"greenhouse gases† (including water vapor, methane and chlorofluorocarbons) prevent heat from escaping the Earth’s atmosphere. Since the industrial age, it has been concluded that fossil fuels have provided power for these operations, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Further calculations indicate that as the climate continues to warm, more carbon dioxide will be released into the atmosphere by human population and the use of fuel emissions released. (2) As a result, soil will become dry, more forest fires will occur, plant pests will increasingly multiply, and seabed’s methane will be released, creating a â€Å"runaway greenhouse effect. (2) As predicted by Jeremy Legget in â€Å"Global Warming: The Worst Case,† polar ice caps may melt, raising the sea level enough to allow further contamination of the Earth. The ongoing disruption of the Earth’s climate by man-made† greenhouse gases† is already well beyond dangerous. According to John Eades: Over the last several decades, data on temperature, etc. have been collected by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) from 17,000 identical land weather stations and 10 meteorological satellites, as well as from many research ships on data gathering cruises. Overall, the change in the 20th century is +0. 85K. There have been constant periods in 1910 and 1940-1970. According to Eades, this increase in such a short time frame, as compared to the 4. 5K peak-to-peak swings between ice ages and interglacial periods, warrants some sort of explanation. He works to calculate the difference in temperature change including anthropogenic effects as well as the constancy of temperature during the 1910’s and the period from 1940-1970, in order to make a reasonable estimate of future temperatures and other climatic features. He uses the Black Body concept to determine absorption and emission of radiation to explain the relationship of the Earth to the Sun. He states the Sun is the Black Body absorber and the Earth is a reflective power. He further calculates the mean equilibrium temperature of the Earth by using a formula to explain how anthropogenic properties affect the temperature change (in essence, non-natural â€Å"greenhouse gases emissions†). He states that, â€Å"Were there no GHG’s the atmosphere would be perfectly transparent, the surface would remain at the mean temperature and we would simultaneously freeze and starve to death. The purpose of the study shows a difference between the mean temperature of the Earth and what is calculated by adding the presence of GHG’s in the atmosphere since the Industrial Age. Mr. Eades hypothesizes that increased use of fossil fuels will lead to atmospheric demise. (2) After much calculation, he makes it apparent that a rebalance will affect change for benefit, yet we may already be too late. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration announced that 2005 and 2010 are the warmest years in the temperature record. Under midrange projections for economic growth and technological change, the average urface temperature in 2050 will be about 2 degrees C higher than the preindustrial age value. It’s been determined that Earth was warm 130,000 years ago, and the sea level was 4 to 6 times higher than now. Al Gore has raised awareness of Global Warming through his documentary, â€Å"An Inconvenient Truth. † Within this documentary are the 2007 reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. With the U. S. moving forward in taking steps to eliminate most man-made CO2 levels, other countries are concerned about their own economic growth. China and India have created advisory and policy bodies at top governmental levels to deal with climate and energy issues. Brazil is also working to better enforce national deforestation laws. On November 15, President Barack Obama proposed rules requiring large industries to use the â€Å"best available control technology† to limit the U. S. â€Å"greenhouse gases† emission. (8) The International Panel on Climate Change, (the IPCC) meets every few years to review the latest scientific findings and write reports summarizing global warming finds. Most â€Å"greenhouse gases† emissions come from combustion of fossil fuels incinerations, factories and electricity production. (7) The gas responsible for the most warming is carbon dioxide (CO2). Other contributors include methane from landfills, agriculture, nitrous oxide, gases for refrigeration, and industrial processes, and loss of forests which would otherwise store CO2. Since 1990, yearly emissions have gone up by about 6 million metric tons of †carbon dioxide equivalent† worldwide, more than a 20% increase. The IPCC â€Å"predicts a global temperature rise of 1. 4 degrees and 5. degrees C by 2100. (3) Predictably mass amount of agriculturally productive land will be destroyed, entire regions will disappear under rapid sea-level rise, and entire regions in arid subtropics will be uninhabitable. † Through all of the expert’s findings and reports, the conclusion seems to be that â€Å"greenhouse gases† are the cause of increased CO2 in our atmosphere. The bigger concern seems to be the cost needed to lower the amount of non-natural emissions, and who will pay the cost for conversion. Additionally, will it be enough change to be effective after billions have been spent? Munich Re, the world’s largest reinsurer, calculates the cost to be more than $300 billion a year by 2050, while the IPCC estimates on the low end of $280 billion a year. (3) Bjorn Lomborg, a statistician from Denmark, suggests in his book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, â€Å"by crude and selective cost-benefit analysis the cheapest option is to maintain economic growth and adapt to the impacts. † Fred Singer argues that â€Å"the global warming issue is incorrect as the climate is not warming as it should according to the models† used to calculate such differences. He says the satellite information does not include cooling the climate by clouds in the atmosphere and that clouds cool the climate rather than warm it. (3) Since this factor is left out of the calculation, he seasons that we should do nothing to rectify global warming at this point. He also argues that situating satellites in space is a waste of money and that money could be better spent on the factors at hand and less on satellite installation. According to Singer, â€Å"$2 billion a year is spent on climate research†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦which allows more scientists to get on the bandwagon so they can get money from the research program. He suggests Kyoto Protocol is incorrect in attempting to sequester all CO2 as it is good for the atmosphere and makes plants grow abundantly faster. Several people insist on more research before anyone can begin to plan a proper response. Richard B. Stewart and Jonathan B. Wiener, in â€Å"Practical Climate Change Policy; Issues in Science and Technology (Winter, 2004) declare, â€Å"It’s time for a new pragmatic approach,† meaning a new approach with more emphasis on costs and benefits. Fred Krupp, President of Environmental Defense, in â€Å"Global Warming and the USA; Vital Speeches of the Day† (April 15, 2003) recommends a market-based method to finding and developing innovative approaches. (3) At this point, 126 countries have adopted the Kyoto Protocol. President George W. Bush refused to honor U. S. commitments claiming that, â€Å"reducing carbon emissions would be too costly for the U. S. economy. † He said, â€Å"We’re going to put the interests of our own country first and foremost. † If the U. S. continues to refuse to comply with the Kyoto Protocol, it will have serious ramifications of U.  S. Corporations engaged in international business. The bottom line would be loss of revenue and a deeper recession for the U. S. According to a Christian Science Monitor Article, the United Nations announced recently that it would finance an independent review of the IPCC, which faces accusations of scientific misinformation and potential conflicts of interest. On December 4, 2009, Peter N. Spotts reports that some E-mails of several climate researchers were hacked. This calls for greater transparency in the UN body that provides governments with scientific advice on global warming. Some have called this issue, â€Å"Climategate† and concerns around 1,000 E-mails and files leaked or hacked from computers at the University of East Anglia’s Climatic Research Unit in Britain. (6) Some of the E-mails depict a small, influential group of scientists – several of whom did work concerning global temperature trends over the past 1500 years in an effort to prevent skeptics of their r work from gaining access to raw data. Other E-mails suggest some researchers manipulated data and tried to block publication of papers that called their work into question. One E-mail urges colleagues to destroy E-mails related to work on the 2007 IPCC reports on global warming. In Washington, the Republican Party sent a letter to the U. S. EPA on December 2, 2010 requesting the agency back off of trying to regulate carbon dioxide emissions under the Clean Air Act until it can show that, â€Å"the data’s integrity underlying these regulatory decisions had not been compromised. † Each of the resources used seem to try and sway public opinion for or against working to find solutions and/or spending money to that end. While most all of the information appears to be exactly correct, some opinions are uneducated guesses. In light of the E-mail hackings, one has to question the accuracy of all reports, which started the controversy. While all can see an increase in â€Å"greenhouse gases† emissions, it seems there can be no agreement as to whether anyone should actually â€Å"do† anything about these occurrences and findings. Some opinions report an impending doom and a need to act immediately. Other opinions suggest not enough is known about how the gases themselves affect our environment. I personally feel that heading in the direction of finding different sources of energy will continue to be an effective measure. There are not nearly as many noxious odors present as here were around 40 years ago. I am equally aware of the need to stop polluting our highways and oceans with the mounting amount of trash scattered haphazardly. Cleaning up our individual acts seems to be a productive route to follow, and it seems very important for private organizations to do the same. In light of recent events concerning the covering up of information obtained on the subject of research into the effect of â€Å"greenhouse gases† emissions on the environment, I feel equally uneasy as others are to jump to any conclusions and feel inspection of previously mentioned reports is vital to uncover any discrepancies. As much as I agree or disagree with the United States government’s decisions to incorporate new laws, I feel confident that our political system is working toward everyone’s benefit in delaying aggressive action until further inspection has been performed. I remain undecided as to whether or not global warming is an issue of serious concern, and furthermore, if action should be enacted. References http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/gw-causes/

The Expressivity Of Creativity Music - 704 Words

The Expressivity of Creativity Musicians in this era release music nowadays that always seems to follow similar melodic patterns, making a great amount of the music we listen to sound all too familiar. Listening to music is a way that people relax their soul; it takes them to a different place and away from personal problems. Yet, there seems to be fewer and fewer artists that actually express their emotions through their music, making it seem impassive and repetitive. Music is an outlet where there are millions of possibilities within the combinations that you can choose from. Different patterns can be used to accommodate according to how the artist is feeling and what they are going through. When creating music there are an indefinite amount of possibilities for the writer to use, yet the majority of the music we listen to seems to always follow a similar rhythmic pattern. Artists are not taking advantage the privilege they have to express themselves through their creativity. The f inal product an artist creates should illustrate an accurate representation of the writer’s emotions that the listener should be able to recognize and perhaps relate to the song. Music is a great way to work with both the dark and the light side of our emotions. Due to music allowing people to reminisce on older memories. Many people use music as a therapeutic way to calm their souls, relax themselves, and allow for the melody to find serenity within. When listening to a song often times oneShow MoreRelatedA Dance of the Forest4738 Words   |  19 Pagescultural perspective† mentioned refers to the fact that Soyinka’s writings, especially the dramas for which he is best known, are at once deeply rooted in traditional African expressive and performance forms like myths and rituals, dance and mime, music and masquerade and are also greatly influenced by such diverse Western dramatic and theatrical modes as classical Greek drama, Shakespearean and Jacobean theatre, and modern European and American antirealist and avant-garde forms and techniques. Keywords: